Hi there
I will cover the easy one first - dentists !
Dentists here are completely private - even for children - although there was mention in the recent budget about provisions for childrens dental health. However I fear that it may be a number of years before this comes into place and may of course be revoked by a change of government in the future.
As for general medical treatment you will be entitled to GP treatment and if you need more serious surgery then you will go on the waiting list just like in the UK. However there are some major differences between the NHS and the Medicare system here in Oz. Not all GP's are the same. Some operate what is known as BULK BILLING which means that they will bill medicare directly for the treatment they have given you. Others you have to pay directly and then go to a Medicare office to get your refund. However the GP is allowed to charge you more than what Medicare will refund you which means that you will be out of pocket. This also applies if you have to see a specialist - you make the appointment to see the specialist, pay him/her at time of appointment and then claim back from Medicare - again there will be an out of pocket amount.
Private medical insurance is a much bigger thing here than what it is in the UK. Mainly because there are taxation implications related to it. However the recent budget significantly increased the threshold at which the additioal tax kicks in if you dont have private insurance.
Even with private insurance there may still be some out of pocket expenses - it doesn't neccessarily cover everything - just means that you can be sick in much more pleasant surroundings and get to the front of the queue !
Private insurance can be tailored to cover various requirements dependent on your needs and stage of life, but it still works out to be pricey.
Personally my experiences of public hospitals here is no different to those I experienced in the UK. However it does vary from hospital to hospital.
As for links I would suggest you have a look at the following:-
http://www.medicareaustralia.gov.au/